Static Location
First, the particle 에 marks the static location, corresponding to “in", “at” or “on” in English. The static location refers to the place where something is(being), at or in. For instance, consider the following sentence:
The 집(home) is a static location, where Susan is. Here are more examples.
Notice that all the location nouns above are marked by the particle 에, since they are all static locations.
Goal of the Action
Second, the particle 에 expresses the goal of the action(inanimate objects or destinations), corresponding to “to” or “at’ in English. Consider the following sentences:
Notice that the goals of the actions marked by the particle 에 are all inanimate objects. In addition, when the particle is used with motion verbs like 가다(go), 오다(come), and 도착하다(arrive), the particle indicates a destination.
If the goal of the action is animate, the different particles, such as 한테 and 에게, are used.
Times
Third, the particle 에 marks the time noun, corresponding to “at”, “in”, or “on” in English.
Quantity
Lastly, the particle 에 is used to mean “for” or “per”, as in “per day”.
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Grammar for Beginners
Particles Part.1 (What are the particles in Korean)
Particles Part.2 (Case Particles)
- The Subject Case Particle 「이/가」
- The Direct Object Particle 「을/를」
- The Case particle 「(으)로」
- The Case particle 「의」
- The Case particle 「와/과, (이)랑, 하고」
- The Case particle 「에서」
- The Case particle 「한테, 에게, 께」
- The Case particle 「한테서, 에게서」
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